Стан розробленості проблеми моніторингу навчальних досягнень студентів морських закладів освіти (1944 – початок 60-тих років)
Вантажиться...
Файли
Дата
2019
Автори
Назва журналу
Номер ISSN
Назва тому
Видавець
СумДПУ імені А. С. Макаренка
Анотація
У статті висвітлено особливості стану розробленості проблеми моніторингу навчальних досягнень студентів морських закладів освіти за часів перебудови радянської системи в 40 – 60 роках ХХ століття. Проаналізовано накази, звіти, протоколи засідань методичних об’єднань та педагогічних зібрань та інші документи, зміст яких пов'язаний із навчальною діяльністю морських закладів освіти в цілому та моніторингом. Аналіз історичної літератури показав, що на початку 40–60 років ХХ століття всі освітянські реформи були проникнуті авторитарно-волюнтаристичним підходом до творчого процесу й наукових досліджень.
The article highlights the features of monitoring of students’ educational achievements in maritime education institutions at the time of the soviet system reconstruction (40-60s of the XX century). Author analyzes orders, circulars, official correspondence, reports, protocols of methodological associations meetings and pedagogical collections, reviews and responses of state qualification commissions for the defense of theses and other documents, the content of which is related to the educational activities of maritime education institutions in general and monitoring of students’ educational achievements in maritime educational establishments. An analysis of the historical literature has shown that in the early 40-50s of the twentieth century, all educational reforms were penetrated by an authoritarian-voluntarist approach to the creative process and research. Implementation of these regulations led to significant changes in the pedagogical process and control over students’ educational achievements. Contracts between teachers and education institutions with obligation to give one hundred percent success and a certain number of excellent and good grades have led to artificial overestimation of grades, weakened the requirements of teachers to cadets, reduced the role of the teacher in the educational process. The teacher ceased to objectively approach the assessment of knowledge, because the public education authorities evaluated the quality of his work depending on the percentage of students’ success. As a result, formal performance indicators increased, which did not reflect the real picture of monitoring of students’ achievements. Only in the early 60s of the twentieth century on the pages of many periodicals on the problems of education began to be discussed the existing scoring system in schools, where the practice of marking prevailed. Attention was drawn to the formal nature of the traditional control system, fetishization of marks, the lack of objectivity of digital scores, characteristic of reports on the educational work of maritime education institutions, and a programmed type of control was proposed. However, because of the lack of pedagogical tests and skills in their development, the simplest types of educational activity were tested, the tasks had a simplified form and assumed the choice of one or more ready answers, and the hidden psychological components of the assimilation process, understanding of the material, logic of students’ conclusions, communication abilities remained beyond the scope of the audits.
The article highlights the features of monitoring of students’ educational achievements in maritime education institutions at the time of the soviet system reconstruction (40-60s of the XX century). Author analyzes orders, circulars, official correspondence, reports, protocols of methodological associations meetings and pedagogical collections, reviews and responses of state qualification commissions for the defense of theses and other documents, the content of which is related to the educational activities of maritime education institutions in general and monitoring of students’ educational achievements in maritime educational establishments. An analysis of the historical literature has shown that in the early 40-50s of the twentieth century, all educational reforms were penetrated by an authoritarian-voluntarist approach to the creative process and research. Implementation of these regulations led to significant changes in the pedagogical process and control over students’ educational achievements. Contracts between teachers and education institutions with obligation to give one hundred percent success and a certain number of excellent and good grades have led to artificial overestimation of grades, weakened the requirements of teachers to cadets, reduced the role of the teacher in the educational process. The teacher ceased to objectively approach the assessment of knowledge, because the public education authorities evaluated the quality of his work depending on the percentage of students’ success. As a result, formal performance indicators increased, which did not reflect the real picture of monitoring of students’ achievements. Only in the early 60s of the twentieth century on the pages of many periodicals on the problems of education began to be discussed the existing scoring system in schools, where the practice of marking prevailed. Attention was drawn to the formal nature of the traditional control system, fetishization of marks, the lack of objectivity of digital scores, characteristic of reports on the educational work of maritime education institutions, and a programmed type of control was proposed. However, because of the lack of pedagogical tests and skills in their development, the simplest types of educational activity were tested, the tasks had a simplified form and assumed the choice of one or more ready answers, and the hidden psychological components of the assimilation process, understanding of the material, logic of students’ conclusions, communication abilities remained beyond the scope of the audits.
Опис
Ключові слова
моніторинг, морська освіта, постанови радянського уряду програмований контроль, відмітки, авторитарність, звіти про навчально-виховну роботу, формальність, monitoring, maritime education, Soviet government regulations, programmed control, marks, authoritarianism, reports on educational work, formality
Бібліографічний опис
Куценко, І. Стан розробленості проблеми моніторингу навчальних досягнень студентів морських закладів освіти (1944 – початок 60-тих років) [Текст] / І. Куценко // Педагогічні науки: теорія, історія, інноваційні технології : науковий журнал / МОН України, Сумський держ. пед. ун-т ім. А. С. Макаренка ; [редкол.: А. А. Сбруєва, О. А. Біда, Ю. А. Бондаренко та ін.]. – Суми : СумДПУ ім. А. С. Макаренка, 2019. – № 10 (94). – С. 278–284. – DOI: 10.24139/2312-5993/2019.10/278-284.