Ініціатива «Тримор’я» як стратегічний проєкт «Нової» Європи
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Дата
2022
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Анотація
У статті охарактеризовано причини та передумови утворення ініціативи «Тримор’я». Прослідковується еволюція ініціативи трьох морів від зародження до 2022 року. Визначається, що ключова концепція ініціативи базується на світовій конфронтації, яка активізувалася після анексії Росією українського Криму. На сучасному етапі ідея об’єднання держав від Балтійського до Чорного та Адріатичного морів, як і за її виникнення, активно підтримується Сполученими Штатами Америки. У статті визначаються головні проблеми Тримор’я. Визначається трансформація відношення Європейського Союзу до цієї програми. Автор зазначає на тому, що спроби реалізації Польщею її історичних центральноєвропейських амбіцій привели до формування образу нової Центральної Європи як складової трансатлантичного співтовариства. Автор робить спробу визначити функціональність та конкурентоспроможність нового об’єднання по відношенню до інших численних регіональних утворень.
Today, the ‘Trymoria’ (‘Three Seas’) initiative unites 12 Central European states in the space from the Baltic to the Black and Adriatic seas. Its members are: Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Austria, Slovenia, Croatia, Romania and Bulgaria. Participating countries with a population of 111 million people account for almost a third of the territory of the European Union. The article describes the reasons and prerequisites for the creation of the ‘Trymoria’ initiative. The evolution of the Three Seas initiative from its inception to 2022 is followed. It is determined that the key concept of the initiative is based on the global confrontation, which intensified after Russia’s annexation of the Ukrainian Crimea. At the present stage, the idea of unification of states from the Baltic to the Black and Adriatic seas, as it was at its inception, is actively supported by the United States of America. The article identifies the main problems of the Three Seas. The transformation of the attitude of the European Union to this program is defined. The author points out that Poland’s attempts to realize itshistorical Central European ambitions led to the formation ofthe image of the new Central Europe as a component of the transatlantic community. The author makes an attempt todetermine the functionality and competitiveness of the new association in relation to other numerous regional entities.The creation of the ‘Trymoria’, like some other modern Central European regional projects, in particular the Visegrad Group, did not go without the approval of the USA. The role and purpose of these regional structures are different, and their functioning depends on whether they find their special niche. After all, the Central European initiative evolved over three decades only into a regional forum of a larger format, but of lesser significance. Only the Russian aggression in Ukraine and the beginning of the Russian-Ukrainian war led to the intensification of the dialogue between the participants of the Three Seas in order to ensure their own energy independence from the Russian Federation.
Today, the ‘Trymoria’ (‘Three Seas’) initiative unites 12 Central European states in the space from the Baltic to the Black and Adriatic seas. Its members are: Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Austria, Slovenia, Croatia, Romania and Bulgaria. Participating countries with a population of 111 million people account for almost a third of the territory of the European Union. The article describes the reasons and prerequisites for the creation of the ‘Trymoria’ initiative. The evolution of the Three Seas initiative from its inception to 2022 is followed. It is determined that the key concept of the initiative is based on the global confrontation, which intensified after Russia’s annexation of the Ukrainian Crimea. At the present stage, the idea of unification of states from the Baltic to the Black and Adriatic seas, as it was at its inception, is actively supported by the United States of America. The article identifies the main problems of the Three Seas. The transformation of the attitude of the European Union to this program is defined. The author points out that Poland’s attempts to realize itshistorical Central European ambitions led to the formation ofthe image of the new Central Europe as a component of the transatlantic community. The author makes an attempt todetermine the functionality and competitiveness of the new association in relation to other numerous regional entities.The creation of the ‘Trymoria’, like some other modern Central European regional projects, in particular the Visegrad Group, did not go without the approval of the USA. The role and purpose of these regional structures are different, and their functioning depends on whether they find their special niche. After all, the Central European initiative evolved over three decades only into a regional forum of a larger format, but of lesser significance. Only the Russian aggression in Ukraine and the beginning of the Russian-Ukrainian war led to the intensification of the dialogue between the participants of the Three Seas in order to ensure their own energy independence from the Russian Federation.
Опис
Ключові слова
«Тримор’я», США, Центральна Європа, конфронтація, трансатлантичне співтовариство, ‘Three Seas’, USA, Central Europe, confrontation, transatlantic community
Бібліографічний опис
Михтуненко В. Ініціатива «Тримор’я» як стратегічний проєкт «Нової» Європи [Текст] / В. Міхтуненко // Консенсус : науковий журнал / Сумський державний педагогічний університет ім. А. С. Макаренка. – 2022. – № 3. – С. 83–89. – DOI: 10.31110/consensus/2022-03/083-089