Самостійна робота як одна з форм самоосвіти студентів

Abstract

У статті проаналізовано основні підходи до визначення понять «самоосвіта» та «самостійна робота». Здійснено аналіз співвідношення окреслених понять дозволив визначити їх як два складних види діяльності, які можуть бути пов’язані між собою або збігатись один з одним окремими компонентами, зсув цих понять може привести до неправильного вибору форм, засобів і методів їх практичної реалізації. Зазначено, що самоосвіту можна вважати метою та результатом діяльності, а самостійну роботу – засобом досягнення результату. Наголошено, що недоліками організації самостійної роботи є недостатня цілеспрямованість, проблемність і навчально-методичне її забезпечення, слабка контрольованість, недостатня диференціація та варіативність.

The article aims to study the problem of developing self-study skills and identify the links between self-study and independent work of students. Research methods include such theoretical methods as retrospective, systemic and functional, interpretative and analytical methods to study scientific and pedagogical sources, as well as comparison, systematization and generalization. The article analyzes the main approaches to defining the concepts of self-study and independent work. It also considers the connection between the above-mentioned concepts. Thus, it is found out that these two complex types of human activity may be related to each other or coincide with each other. However, the shift in these concepts may lead to choosing incorrect forms, means and methods of their practical implementation. Independent work should be viewed only as a necessary component of self-study since it forms the readiness for self-study and creates the basis for continuing education and continuing professional development. taking into account that the process of self-study occurs during independent work of students, one can note that self-study can be regarded as a goal and result of activity, whereas independent work is seen as a means to achieve the result. It is pointed out that under today’s conditions independent work does not properly fulfil the tasks it should since it lacks purposefulness, focus on problem-solving, educational and methodological and technical support, is poorly monitored, insufficiently differentiated and variable. The paper emphasizes that unlike independent work, self-study involves not only activities aimed at absorbing, deepening and acquiring new knowledge during higher education study. It is also a form of continuing education for young specialists after graduation. Therefore, further research should focus on improving organization of future teachers’ independent work.