Логопедичне дослідження порушення мовлення при прогресуючому над’ядерному паралічі
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Дата
2019
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Назва тому
Видавець
СумДПУ імені А. С. Макаренка
Анотація
Описано особливості порушення мовлення в дорослих пацієнтів із прогресуючим над’ядерним паралічем. У логопедичному дослідженні взяли участь 5 пацієнтів. Ступінь порушення артикуляції, дихання, фонації, резонансу, просодії і темпу мовлення оцінювали за 25 критеріями. Нейропсихологічні дослідження виявили помірні когнітивні порушення за шкалою MMSE (25-26 балів). Ідентифікована ступінь порушення кожного мовленнєвого кластера. Установлено, що в пацієнтів максимально порушені всі функції язика і гортані. Описано основні характеристики мовлення і зразки голосу. Перцептивне дослідження показало, що в усіх пацієнтів при прогресуючому над’ядерному паралічі на ранній стадії захворювання присутня дизартрія змішаного типу: гіпокінетична зі спастичним компонентом або гіпокінетична зі спастичним та атактичним компонентами.
The article describes the disorder peculiarities in speech typical to adult patients who suffer from Progressive Supranuclear Palsy. In speech assessment the 5 patients were involved. We used perceptual speech analysis to evaluate the pattern of speech disturbance. The perceptual speech characteristics were defined across 25 speech dimentions. The article describes the results of detailed perceptual assessment of articulation, respiration, phonation, resonance, prosody and rate. The degree of impairment of each speech cluster was displayed. It has been established that these patients have significantly impaired speech and articulation functions and bad respiratory control for speech, a hoarse weak voice and occasional hypernasality. The patients have shown difficulty with raising vocal volume on command. The most disturbed are all functions of tongue and larynx. Less affected are respiratory and soft palate functions. The main speech characteristics as well as samples of the voice were described. It was found out that patients demonstrated restricted speech prosody, monopitch, monolaudness, reduced speech volume, imprecise articulation, slow rate of speech. Palilalia was evident. Prosody was the most severe affected speech cluster. Perceptual observation revealed that dysarthria was most commonly evident in varying combinations. The presence of hypokinetic dysarthria or mixed dysarthria with hypokinetic, spastic or ataxic components are common. The article proves that a speech disorder caused by Progressive Supranuclear Palsy is one of the first features revealed at the beginning of the disease. The main goal in speech therapy is to raise the effectiveness, efficiency and clarity in the process of communication. The approaches of treatment of speech disorders depend on pathophysiology and specific abnormal speech characteristics as well as multiple additional factors such as etiology, prognosis, disability, communication needs, societal limitations. The approaches to management include medical intervention with speech-oriented treatment by modifying respiration, phonation, articulation, resonance, prosody and communication-oriented treatment by alternative and augmentative communication not neglecting counseling and support.
The article describes the disorder peculiarities in speech typical to adult patients who suffer from Progressive Supranuclear Palsy. In speech assessment the 5 patients were involved. We used perceptual speech analysis to evaluate the pattern of speech disturbance. The perceptual speech characteristics were defined across 25 speech dimentions. The article describes the results of detailed perceptual assessment of articulation, respiration, phonation, resonance, prosody and rate. The degree of impairment of each speech cluster was displayed. It has been established that these patients have significantly impaired speech and articulation functions and bad respiratory control for speech, a hoarse weak voice and occasional hypernasality. The patients have shown difficulty with raising vocal volume on command. The most disturbed are all functions of tongue and larynx. Less affected are respiratory and soft palate functions. The main speech characteristics as well as samples of the voice were described. It was found out that patients demonstrated restricted speech prosody, monopitch, monolaudness, reduced speech volume, imprecise articulation, slow rate of speech. Palilalia was evident. Prosody was the most severe affected speech cluster. Perceptual observation revealed that dysarthria was most commonly evident in varying combinations. The presence of hypokinetic dysarthria or mixed dysarthria with hypokinetic, spastic or ataxic components are common. The article proves that a speech disorder caused by Progressive Supranuclear Palsy is one of the first features revealed at the beginning of the disease. The main goal in speech therapy is to raise the effectiveness, efficiency and clarity in the process of communication. The approaches of treatment of speech disorders depend on pathophysiology and specific abnormal speech characteristics as well as multiple additional factors such as etiology, prognosis, disability, communication needs, societal limitations. The approaches to management include medical intervention with speech-oriented treatment by modifying respiration, phonation, articulation, resonance, prosody and communication-oriented treatment by alternative and augmentative communication not neglecting counseling and support.
Опис
Ключові слова
порушення мовлення, прогресуючий над’ядерний параліч, дизартрія, speech impairment, progressive supranuclear palsy, dysarthria
Бібліографічний опис
Станецька, Г. Логопедичне дослідження порушення мовлення при прогресуючому над’ядерному паралічі [Текст] / Г. Станецька // Педагогічні науки: теорія, історія, інноваційні технології : науковий журнал / МОН України, Сумський держ. пед. ун-т ім. А. С. Макаренка ; [редкол.: А. А. Сбруєва, М. А. Бойченко, О. Є. Антонова та ін.]. – Суми : СумДПУ ім. А. С. Макаренка, 2019. – № 7 (91). – С. 14–26.