Соціально-педагогічна робота з сім'ями, які виховують дитину з інвалідністю, в закладах дошкільної освіти
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Дата
2018
Назва журналу
Номер ISSN
Назва тому
Видавець
СумДПУ імені А. С. Макаренка
Анотація
У статті висвітлено психолого-педагогічні особливості сімей, які виховують дитину з інвалідністю дошкільного віку; розкрито специфіку соціально-педагогічної роботи з ними в умовах закладів дошкільної освіти. За допомогою теоретичного аналізу визначено взаємозв'язок проблем, з якими стикаються сім'ї дітей з інвалідністю, з особливостями соціально-педагогічної роботи з даною категорією. Обґрунтовано доцільні форми та методи соціально-педагогічної роботи з сім'ями в умовах дошкільних закладів освіти. Визначено такі особливості сімей, що виховують дитину з інвалідністю дошкільного віку: переживання «кризи діагнозу», «закритість» (самоізоляція) родини від соціуму; порушення в системі батьківсько- дитячих стосунків та стосунків між подружжям; особливості, зумовлені типом і важкістю захворювання дитини; відсутність розширеної сімейної системи; наявність специфічних проблем, пов'язаних із інвалідністю дитини (особливості виховання, навчання, спілкування тощо). Доведено необхідність урахування означених особливостей при здійсненні соціально-педагогічної роботи з даною категорією в умовах дошкільних закладів освіти.
The article deals with psychological and pedagogical features of families who are raising children with disabilities of preschool age. This article reveals the specifics of social- pedagogical work with such families in the conditions of pre-school establishments. The author considers the concept of a family and its importance for a child with a disability. The author has also analyzed the peculiarities of the child's preschool age with special needs and the influence of the child's disability on the functioning and structure of the family. The article defines the following characteristics of families raising children with disabilities of the preschool age: the experience of the "crisis of a diagnosis" - occurs from the moment the family reports about the violation of the child's development and until the moment of family adaptation to the living conditions complicated by the child's disability; "dosed" (self¬isolation) of the family from society - is due to inadequate adoption in society of disability issues, internal denial by the family of the presence of such a problem, etc.; violation in the system of parental-child relationships and relations between spouses - hyper-care or latent emotional rejection of the child prevails; peculiarities determined by the type and severity of the disease of the child - the relationship of family problems with the severity of the child's condition is traced; lack of extended family system - relatives often suspended from a family that raising a child with disabilities; the presence of specific problems associated with the child's disability (peculiarities of education, training, communication, etc.). The author proved the necessity of taking into account the noted features in the implementation of socio¬pedagogical work with this category in pre-school education institutions. With the help of theoretical analysis, the relationship between the problems faced by families of children with disabilities with the peculiarities of socio-pedagogical work with this category is determined. It is determined that organization of social and pedagogical work with such families should take into account all the identified features, and the general goal should be to help the family in adapting to the living conditions complicated by the child's disability. The success of parent's adaptation depends on the adequacy of self-perception and perception of their own social ties, the adaptive capacity of the family, the nature (type) of the adaptation process and the availability of professional assistance. The author analyzed the specifics of social and pedagogical activity, which is to assist parents, by teaching methods for interaction with a particular child, methods of his education and training, help in the normalization of family relationships, relations with the environment, etc. Social and pedagogical work with parents raising children with special needs includes psychological, pedagogical, legal and social aspects. The author substantiates the expedient forms and methods of social-pedagogical work with families in the conditions of preschool education institutions, namely: in the individual and group forms it is recommended to introduce lectures and seminars; work of consulting points; club work; Parent Support Schools; charity events; training work.
The article deals with psychological and pedagogical features of families who are raising children with disabilities of preschool age. This article reveals the specifics of social- pedagogical work with such families in the conditions of pre-school establishments. The author considers the concept of a family and its importance for a child with a disability. The author has also analyzed the peculiarities of the child's preschool age with special needs and the influence of the child's disability on the functioning and structure of the family. The article defines the following characteristics of families raising children with disabilities of the preschool age: the experience of the "crisis of a diagnosis" - occurs from the moment the family reports about the violation of the child's development and until the moment of family adaptation to the living conditions complicated by the child's disability; "dosed" (self¬isolation) of the family from society - is due to inadequate adoption in society of disability issues, internal denial by the family of the presence of such a problem, etc.; violation in the system of parental-child relationships and relations between spouses - hyper-care or latent emotional rejection of the child prevails; peculiarities determined by the type and severity of the disease of the child - the relationship of family problems with the severity of the child's condition is traced; lack of extended family system - relatives often suspended from a family that raising a child with disabilities; the presence of specific problems associated with the child's disability (peculiarities of education, training, communication, etc.). The author proved the necessity of taking into account the noted features in the implementation of socio¬pedagogical work with this category in pre-school education institutions. With the help of theoretical analysis, the relationship between the problems faced by families of children with disabilities with the peculiarities of socio-pedagogical work with this category is determined. It is determined that organization of social and pedagogical work with such families should take into account all the identified features, and the general goal should be to help the family in adapting to the living conditions complicated by the child's disability. The success of parent's adaptation depends on the adequacy of self-perception and perception of their own social ties, the adaptive capacity of the family, the nature (type) of the adaptation process and the availability of professional assistance. The author analyzed the specifics of social and pedagogical activity, which is to assist parents, by teaching methods for interaction with a particular child, methods of his education and training, help in the normalization of family relationships, relations with the environment, etc. Social and pedagogical work with parents raising children with special needs includes psychological, pedagogical, legal and social aspects. The author substantiates the expedient forms and methods of social-pedagogical work with families in the conditions of preschool education institutions, namely: in the individual and group forms it is recommended to introduce lectures and seminars; work of consulting points; club work; Parent Support Schools; charity events; training work.
Опис
Ключові слова
діти з інвалідністю дошкільного віку, соціально-педагогічна робота з сім'єю, що виховує дитину з інвалідністю, заклади дошкільної освіти, психолого-педагогічні особливості сімей, які виховують дитину з інвалідністю, children with disabilities of preschool age, social and pedagogical work with the family, raising children with disabilities, pre-school education institutions, psychological and pedagogical features of families raising children with disabilitie
Бібліографічний опис
Соловйова, Т. Соціально-педагогічна робота з сім'ями, які виховують дитину з інвалідністю, в закладах дошкільної освіти [Текст] / Т. Соловйова // Педагогічні науки: теорія, історія, інноваційні технології : науковий журнал / Міністерство освіти і науки України, Сумський державний педагогічний університет імені А. С. Макаренка ; [редкол.: А. А. Сбруєва, М. А. Бойченко, О. Є. Антонова та ін.]. – Суми : Вид-во СумДПУ імені А. С. Макаренка, 2018. – № 5 (79). – С. 418–429.