Особливості роботи з друкованим текстом на уроках історії у спеціальній школі
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2015
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Анотація
У статті розглядається проблема особливостей засвоєння історичного матеріалу учнями спеціальної школи на уроках історії у процесі роботи з друкованими текстами. Вивчення наукових джерел (В. І. Бондар, А. І. Капустін, Л. В. Петрова, Г. М. Плешканівська та ін.), свідчить про складнощі, з якими стикаються старшокласники при засвоєнні історичних знань. Проведене дослідження дозволило визначити якість засвоєння історичних знань розумово відсталими учнями 8 класу в ході вивчення курсу історії України. Досліджено рівень сформованості вмінь учнів користуватися друкованими джерелами історичного характеру та їх вплив на засвоєння історичних знань старшокласниками.
In the article the problem of the peculiarities of the assimilation of historical material by the students at the lessons of History in special school in the process of work with printed texts is analyzed. The learning of the scientific sources (V. Bondar, A. Kapustin, L. Petrova, G. Pleshkanivska and others) affirms the difficulties with that the senior students come across while assimilating historical knowledge. The aim of our research there is investigation of the peculiarities of perception of historical material by students with disabilities in the process of their work with the printed text and the determination of the conditions that ensure the effectiveness of the assimilation of historical knowledge by senior students of special school. Analysis of the level of mastering material of historical character was made on the example of studying of section «Emergence of Ukrainian Cossacks», the topic «Zaporizhzhya Sich». The analyses of received data concerning the level and the peculiarities of the assimilation of the historical material by the eighth graders at the lessons of History let us make the following conclusions: - senior students with disabilities in the process of studying the course of History in Ukraine in special school orientate in the historical material; - the difficulties that students experience are related to the primitive level of mastery of the logical apparatus (formation of the device of comparison, analysis, abstraction, generalization), with the insufficient development of causal thinking; - while working with the printed text senior students can master the text they read, remember its succession, with the help of the teacher make the plan-guide; while doing this the students working with the text cannot always estimate the historical fact, realize its development and consequences. Not all the students cope at the given period with reading the paragraph of the textbook, they are passive at making the plan-guide; - effective assimilation by the students with disabilities of the historical material at the large degree depends on those pedagogical actions, methods and devices that provide the qualified assimilation of the historical material at the lessons of History.
In the article the problem of the peculiarities of the assimilation of historical material by the students at the lessons of History in special school in the process of work with printed texts is analyzed. The learning of the scientific sources (V. Bondar, A. Kapustin, L. Petrova, G. Pleshkanivska and others) affirms the difficulties with that the senior students come across while assimilating historical knowledge. The aim of our research there is investigation of the peculiarities of perception of historical material by students with disabilities in the process of their work with the printed text and the determination of the conditions that ensure the effectiveness of the assimilation of historical knowledge by senior students of special school. Analysis of the level of mastering material of historical character was made on the example of studying of section «Emergence of Ukrainian Cossacks», the topic «Zaporizhzhya Sich». The analyses of received data concerning the level and the peculiarities of the assimilation of the historical material by the eighth graders at the lessons of History let us make the following conclusions: - senior students with disabilities in the process of studying the course of History in Ukraine in special school orientate in the historical material; - the difficulties that students experience are related to the primitive level of mastery of the logical apparatus (formation of the device of comparison, analysis, abstraction, generalization), with the insufficient development of causal thinking; - while working with the printed text senior students can master the text they read, remember its succession, with the help of the teacher make the plan-guide; while doing this the students working with the text cannot always estimate the historical fact, realize its development and consequences. Not all the students cope at the given period with reading the paragraph of the textbook, they are passive at making the plan-guide; - effective assimilation by the students with disabilities of the historical material at the large degree depends on those pedagogical actions, methods and devices that provide the qualified assimilation of the historical material at the lessons of History.
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Ключові слова
уроки історії у спеціальній школі, історичний матеріал, історія України, друковані джерела, засвоєння історичних знань, історичний факт, план-орієнтир, мислення, lessons of History in special schools, historical material, History of Ukraine, printed sources of historical character, mastering historical knowledge, plan-guide, mentality
Бібліографічний опис
Гіренко, Н. А. Особливості роботи з друкованим текстом на уроках історії у спеціальній школі [Текст] / Н. А. Гіренко // Педагогічні науки: теорія, історія, інноваційні технології : науковий журнал / МОН України, Сумський держ. пед. ун-т ім. А. С. Макаренка ; [редкол.: А. А. Сбруєва, О. Є. Антонова, Дж. Бішоп та ін.]. – Суми : СумДПУ ім. А. С. Макаренка, 2015. – № 6 (50). – С. 85–90.