Особливості професійної діяльності вчителя в школах Поділля першої половини ХІХ ст.
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Дата
2016
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У статті висвітлено особливості професійної діяльності вчителя в школах Поділля першої половини ХІХ ст. У процесі дослідження й аналізу історико-педагогічних публікацій та архівних джерел із зазначеної проблематики автором було проаналізовано нормативно-законодавчу базу, що регулювала питання діяльності педагогічних працівників, особливості професійної підготовки майбутніх педагогічних кадрів та змістове наповнення цього процесу, визначено і проаналізовано основні професійні здібності та характер навчально-методичної роботи вчителів різних типів шкіл у регіоні зазначеного періоду, досліджено питання їхнього соціального захисту, подано основні вимоги (професійні й особистісні), що ставились перед кандидатами на посаду вчителя.
The profession of a teacher is complex and multifaceted, it requires constant improvement of professional skills. The quality of the proceedings of the educational process and multifaceted development of the younger generation depend on the proper professional teacher training. As it is noted in the National Doctrine of Education of Ukraine in the XXI century “permanent professional development of teachers is an important condition for the modernization of education”. In our view, the improvement is impossible without studying the experience of past practice, taking into account disadvantages of activities and usage of its best ideas. Concentrating our attention on the study of education in general, summarizing its contents, forms, methods of training and education, we cannot ignore the nature and features of professional work of teachers in schools in Podillya the first half of the nineteenth century. That is an essential component of quality assurance of educational process. The article highlights the features of professional work of a teacher in schools in Podillia during the first half of the nineteenth century. In research process and analysis of historical and educational publications and archival sources on these issues, the author have analyzed the regulatory legal framework governing the activities of pedagogical staff, the peculiarities of professional training of the future teachers and semantic filling of process, identified and analyzed the main professional abilities and the nature of educational work of teachers of different types of schools in the region during the specified period, the issue of their social protection is investigated, the basic requirements (professional and personal) that treated before the candidates for the position of the teacher are noticed. It is found out that the main requirements to the teacher’s personality in the first half of the nineteenth century were: love for children, patience, courage, and responsibility. The author believes that this study is not exhaustive and further investigation needs the question of educational activities of teachers in schools of Podillia in the first half of the XX century, and examining the requirements which were applied to private teachers of the specified period.
The profession of a teacher is complex and multifaceted, it requires constant improvement of professional skills. The quality of the proceedings of the educational process and multifaceted development of the younger generation depend on the proper professional teacher training. As it is noted in the National Doctrine of Education of Ukraine in the XXI century “permanent professional development of teachers is an important condition for the modernization of education”. In our view, the improvement is impossible without studying the experience of past practice, taking into account disadvantages of activities and usage of its best ideas. Concentrating our attention on the study of education in general, summarizing its contents, forms, methods of training and education, we cannot ignore the nature and features of professional work of teachers in schools in Podillya the first half of the nineteenth century. That is an essential component of quality assurance of educational process. The article highlights the features of professional work of a teacher in schools in Podillia during the first half of the nineteenth century. In research process and analysis of historical and educational publications and archival sources on these issues, the author have analyzed the regulatory legal framework governing the activities of pedagogical staff, the peculiarities of professional training of the future teachers and semantic filling of process, identified and analyzed the main professional abilities and the nature of educational work of teachers of different types of schools in the region during the specified period, the issue of their social protection is investigated, the basic requirements (professional and personal) that treated before the candidates for the position of the teacher are noticed. It is found out that the main requirements to the teacher’s personality in the first half of the nineteenth century were: love for children, patience, courage, and responsibility. The author believes that this study is not exhaustive and further investigation needs the question of educational activities of teachers in schools of Podillia in the first half of the XX century, and examining the requirements which were applied to private teachers of the specified period.
Опис
Ключові слова
педагогічний колектив, педагогічна діяльність, авторитет учителя, приходські та повітові училища, гімназія, підготовка вчителів, Поділля, teaching staff, teaching activities, authority of the teacher, parish and county schools, school, training teachers, Podillia
Бібліографічний опис
Опушко, Н. Особливості професійної діяльності вчителя в школах Поділля першої половини ХІХ ст. [Текст] / Н. Опушко // Педагогічні науки: теорія, історія, інноваційні технології : науковий журнал / МОН України, Сумський держ. пед. ун-т ім. А. С. Макаренка ; [редкол.: А. А. Сбруєва, О. Є. Антонова, Дж. Бішоп та ін.]. – Суми : СумДПУ ім. А. С. Макаренка, 2016. – № 5 (59). – С. 369–376.