Фактори виробництва: теоретичний базис та галузева структура їх міжнародної мобільності
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Дата
2024
Назва журналу
Номер ISSN
Назва тому
Видавець
СумДПУ імені А. С. Макаренка
Анотація
Досліджено теоретичні аспекти теорій міжнародної торгівлі, теоретичний базис категорій «фактори виробництва» та «міжнародна мобільність факторів виробництва». Визначено відмінності та наявність взаємодії міжнародної мобільності факторів виробництва й міжнародної торгівлі товарами. Встановлено можливості впливу міжнародної мобільності факторів виробництва на міжнародну торгівлю товарами. Виділено способи переміщення факторів виробництва. Запропоновано на основі методу «Revealed Comparative Advantage» визначити відносні переваги (недоліки) України у виробництві певного класу товарів або послуг; за допомогою визначення індексу Баласса перевірено коректність роботи методу для ТОП-5 товарів, частки експорту Україною яких у величині її сукупного експорту були найбільшими; встановлено наявність порівняльних переваг України у виробництві цих товарів.
The theoretical aspects of the theories of international trade, the theoretical basis of the categories "factors" and "international mobility of factors" were studied. Differences and presence of interaction of international mobility of factors and international trade of goods are determined. The possibilities of influence of international mobility of production factors on international trade of goods have been established. Ways of moving factors (from one production process to another, between business entities within the same industry, across industries within the country and moving factors between countries or within industries, or in different industries) are highlighted. The need to change the economic model operating in Ukraine, since it has declared itself mostly as an exporter of raw resources, is noted, the significant dependence of the country's export-oriented industries on cyclical fluctuations in world markets and the importance of studying the results of its international trade in the context of the study of international factor mobility are emphasized. It is indicated that the determining factors of the development of international trade are scientific and technical progress and the processes of fragmentation of production, since they, stimulating new technical, technological and organizational solutions, financial innovations, etc., have a direct influence on the formation and adoption of business decisions, while contributing to the development of new, previously unknown areas of production and profit-making. Attention is drawn to the fact that the radical changes in the world economy, the consequences of which were the formation of global markets, the monopolization and integration of the markets of certain categories of goods and services, are the increase in the intensity of international competition and the increase of international financial flows. On the basis of the "Revealed Comparative Advantage" method, it is proposed to determine the relative advantages (disadvantages) of Ukraine in the production of a certain class of goods or services. The correctness of the method was verified by determining the Balassa index for the TOP-5 goods, the shares of which were the largest in Ukraine's total exports. It has been established that Ukraine has comparative advantages in the production of these goods, and that the fact of their export confirms the statement that the country exports goods in the production of which it has comparative advantages.
The theoretical aspects of the theories of international trade, the theoretical basis of the categories "factors" and "international mobility of factors" were studied. Differences and presence of interaction of international mobility of factors and international trade of goods are determined. The possibilities of influence of international mobility of production factors on international trade of goods have been established. Ways of moving factors (from one production process to another, between business entities within the same industry, across industries within the country and moving factors between countries or within industries, or in different industries) are highlighted. The need to change the economic model operating in Ukraine, since it has declared itself mostly as an exporter of raw resources, is noted, the significant dependence of the country's export-oriented industries on cyclical fluctuations in world markets and the importance of studying the results of its international trade in the context of the study of international factor mobility are emphasized. It is indicated that the determining factors of the development of international trade are scientific and technical progress and the processes of fragmentation of production, since they, stimulating new technical, technological and organizational solutions, financial innovations, etc., have a direct influence on the formation and adoption of business decisions, while contributing to the development of new, previously unknown areas of production and profit-making. Attention is drawn to the fact that the radical changes in the world economy, the consequences of which were the formation of global markets, the monopolization and integration of the markets of certain categories of goods and services, are the increase in the intensity of international competition and the increase of international financial flows. On the basis of the "Revealed Comparative Advantage" method, it is proposed to determine the relative advantages (disadvantages) of Ukraine in the production of a certain class of goods or services. The correctness of the method was verified by determining the Balassa index for the TOP-5 goods, the shares of which were the largest in Ukraine's total exports. It has been established that Ukraine has comparative advantages in the production of these goods, and that the fact of their export confirms the statement that the country exports goods in the production of which it has comparative advantages.
Опис
Ключові слова
фактори виробництва, міжнародна мобільність, галузева структура міжнародної мобільності, метод «Revealed Comparative Advantage», концепція порівняльних переваг Давида Рікардо, factors, international mobility, sectoral structure of international mobility, "Revealed Comparative Advantage" method, David Ricardo's concept of comparative advantages
Бібліографічний опис
Босак, А. Фактори виробництва: теоретичний базис та галузева структура їх міжнародної мобільності [Текст] / А. Босак, О. Штипук // Цифрова економіка та економічна безпека : науково-практичний журнал / Причорноморський науково-дослідний інститут економіки та інновацій, Сумський державний педагогічний університет імені А. С. Макаренка ; [гол. ред. О. Ю. Кудріна, редкол.: В. В. Божкова, В. І. Борщ, Н. М. Вдовенко та ін.]. – 2024. – №2 (11). – С. 58–65. – DOI: https://doi.org/10.32782/dees.11-9