Особливості сучасних реформ щодо регулювання освіти дорослих в Англії
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2015
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Метою даного дослідження передбачено аналіз організаційної структури управління системою освіти дорослих в Англії на сучасному етапі, розгляд діяльності основних державних підрозділів, що регулюють освіту дорослих, у контексті останніх структурних реформ, ретроспективний огляд загальних напрямів освітньої політики британського уряду в досліджуваній галузі. Результатом публікації є висвітлення векторів сучасних реформаційних процесів у галузі регулювання системи освіти дорослих в Англії, що на практиці дозволяє критично осмислити відповідні реформи в національній системі освіти дорослих. У перспективі доцільно провести детальний аналіз державних та недержавних освітніх програм, орієнтованих на дорослого споживача.
One of the actual problems facing Ukrainian adult education system of today is the issue of its effective administration to provide better regulation of the mentioned system in order to satisfy the growing educational demands of an adult person in self-realization, social and cultural development, being competitive on the labour market. One of the ways to solve the given problem is to take into account the positive experience of the other developed countries like England where adult education is one of the priorities of the governmental policy. The article is aimed at pointing out the strategic directions of contemporary reforms of adult education in England. Historical analysis of the development of adult education in England proved that state took a minimal part in its regulation. The first step to control the system became “The Education law” (1944) which created the unique national education system with adult education included. Adult education was regulated by two major bodies – central government (The Department of Education and Science) and local government (Local Education Authorities), where the latter took major responsibility. In 1980s the system started to fall down alongside with strengthening the control of the central government. So there were visual evidences that testify to the tendencies of a mixed model of adult education regulation or it is called decentralized centralization. Nowadays the national level of adult education system regulation includes the following bodies: Department for Business, Innovations and Skills, financing bodies – Skills Funding Agency and Higher Education Funding Council for England; inspection bodies –Office for Standards in Education and Quality Assurance Agency – UK-wide (higher adult education); consulting bodies –National Institute of Adult Continuing Learning, UK Commission for Employment and Skills. The responsibilities of the Local education authorities are limited today to school sector only. So we can conclude that today’s system of adult education in England is regulated by the central governmental bodies and totally exclude the part of local authorities, and historical tradition of education decentralization has exhausted itself. So, the article resulted in revealing major directions of contemporary adult education reforms in England. In practice it allows to apply critically in national adult education reforms.
One of the actual problems facing Ukrainian adult education system of today is the issue of its effective administration to provide better regulation of the mentioned system in order to satisfy the growing educational demands of an adult person in self-realization, social and cultural development, being competitive on the labour market. One of the ways to solve the given problem is to take into account the positive experience of the other developed countries like England where adult education is one of the priorities of the governmental policy. The article is aimed at pointing out the strategic directions of contemporary reforms of adult education in England. Historical analysis of the development of adult education in England proved that state took a minimal part in its regulation. The first step to control the system became “The Education law” (1944) which created the unique national education system with adult education included. Adult education was regulated by two major bodies – central government (The Department of Education and Science) and local government (Local Education Authorities), where the latter took major responsibility. In 1980s the system started to fall down alongside with strengthening the control of the central government. So there were visual evidences that testify to the tendencies of a mixed model of adult education regulation or it is called decentralized centralization. Nowadays the national level of adult education system regulation includes the following bodies: Department for Business, Innovations and Skills, financing bodies – Skills Funding Agency and Higher Education Funding Council for England; inspection bodies –Office for Standards in Education and Quality Assurance Agency – UK-wide (higher adult education); consulting bodies –National Institute of Adult Continuing Learning, UK Commission for Employment and Skills. The responsibilities of the Local education authorities are limited today to school sector only. So we can conclude that today’s system of adult education in England is regulated by the central governmental bodies and totally exclude the part of local authorities, and historical tradition of education decentralization has exhausted itself. So, the article resulted in revealing major directions of contemporary adult education reforms in England. In practice it allows to apply critically in national adult education reforms.
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Ключові слова
освіта дорослих, структурні реформи, управління (регулювання) системою освіти, доцентрові тенденції, децентралізація, місцеві органи управління освітою, Департамент з питань бізнесу, інновацій та вмінь, Національний інститут продовженої освіти дорослих, adult education, structural reforms, education management, centralization, decentralization tendencies, Local Education Authorities (LEAs), Department for Business, Innovation and Skills, National Institute of Adult Continuing Learning
Бібліографічний опис
Коваленко, С. М. Особливості сучасних реформ щодо регулювання освіти дорослих в Англії [Текст] / С. М. Коваленко, Л. І. Клочко // Педагогічні науки: теорія, історія, інноваційні технології : науковий журнал / МОН України, Сумський держ. пед. ун-т ім. А. С. Макаренка ; [редкол.: А. А. Сбруєва, О. Є. Антонова, Дж. Бішоп та ін.]. – Суми : СумДПУ ім. А. С. Макаренка, 2015. – № 6 (50). – С. 404–413.