Аналіз сільськогосподарського освоєння території Дрогобицького району засобами ГІС
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Дата
2020
Назва журналу
Номер ISSN
Назва тому
Видавець
СумДПУ імені А. С. Макаренка
Анотація
На основі дешифрування даних дистанційного зондування Землі виокремлено та оцифровано типи сільськогосподарського землекористування в Дрогобицькому районі. За допомогою геоінформаційного моделювання проаналізовано просторовий розподіл сільськогосподарських угідь у відповідності до їх розмірів та типів, зазначено причини такого розподілу. Створена геоінформаційна модель сільськогосподарського освоєння території Дрогобицького району в розрізі адміністративних одиниць дозволила виділити найбільш навантажені у сільськогосподарському плані ділянки району. Аналіз співвідношення земель під ріллею, під паром та під сукцесійними процесами показав загальні тенденції сільськогосподарського землекористування в районі в залежності від орографічних умов та розвитку поселенської мережі. Здійснена класифікація адміністративних одиниць району за ступенем розораності та виявлено екологічно нестабільні ділянки з надмірним сільськогосподарським навантаженням, які потребують першочергової зміни структури землекористування.
The level of agricultural land development of the territory of the Drohobych District in terms of administrative units was investigated by means of geoinformation modeling. The Earth's remotely-sensed data was decrypted to perform geospatial analysis of the agriculturally used areas. Based on the QuickBird space images, three main types of agricultural land-use are highlighted: plough land, fallow lands and agricultural land occupied by succession processes. The features of the structure of agricultural land areas within each administrative unit are analyzed as well as their share in the total land use is determined. In the geospatial distribution of agricultural land area, there are regional patterns according to which the size of the land is clearly differentiated. The smallest land areas are typical of the mountainous part of the district with less favorable conditions for agriculture. The largest land areas are located in the northwestern part of the district and are confined to the maximally leveled areas, which are reclaimed by numerous channels. Accordingly, agricultural land areas are growing in this direction. Spatial analysis of the distribution of different types of agricultural land areas is carried out. There is a clear correlation between plough lands and fallow lands, due to the peculiarities of agriculture in that district. The growth of these areas in the direction from southwest to northeast is noted. Instead, the land areas occupied by succession processes are placed according to another principle. A lot of these areas are located in the central part of the district owned by private farms, due to the gradual abandonment of land cultivation. Geoinformation model of agricultural land development of the territory, which was created, has pointed out that the administrative units of the district are most heavily affected as a result of the use of land resources in agriculture. There is the least amount of agricultural land areas in urban councils (less than 20% of the territory). However, some rural councils located in the plains are practically fully engaged in agriculture. At the same time, a geoinformation model has been developed, which made it possible to analyze the level of land plowing. On this basis, the most ruined village and rural councils are determined, which are located in the north and northeast parts of the district. A small share of plough land is characteristic of urban and mountain administrative units.
The level of agricultural land development of the territory of the Drohobych District in terms of administrative units was investigated by means of geoinformation modeling. The Earth's remotely-sensed data was decrypted to perform geospatial analysis of the agriculturally used areas. Based on the QuickBird space images, three main types of agricultural land-use are highlighted: plough land, fallow lands and agricultural land occupied by succession processes. The features of the structure of agricultural land areas within each administrative unit are analyzed as well as their share in the total land use is determined. In the geospatial distribution of agricultural land area, there are regional patterns according to which the size of the land is clearly differentiated. The smallest land areas are typical of the mountainous part of the district with less favorable conditions for agriculture. The largest land areas are located in the northwestern part of the district and are confined to the maximally leveled areas, which are reclaimed by numerous channels. Accordingly, agricultural land areas are growing in this direction. Spatial analysis of the distribution of different types of agricultural land areas is carried out. There is a clear correlation between plough lands and fallow lands, due to the peculiarities of agriculture in that district. The growth of these areas in the direction from southwest to northeast is noted. Instead, the land areas occupied by succession processes are placed according to another principle. A lot of these areas are located in the central part of the district owned by private farms, due to the gradual abandonment of land cultivation. Geoinformation model of agricultural land development of the territory, which was created, has pointed out that the administrative units of the district are most heavily affected as a result of the use of land resources in agriculture. There is the least amount of agricultural land areas in urban councils (less than 20% of the territory). However, some rural councils located in the plains are practically fully engaged in agriculture. At the same time, a geoinformation model has been developed, which made it possible to analyze the level of land plowing. On this basis, the most ruined village and rural councils are determined, which are located in the north and northeast parts of the district. A small share of plough land is characteristic of urban and mountain administrative units.
Опис
Ключові слова
розораність, сукцесійні процеси, сільськогосподарські угіддя, сільськогосподарське освоєння, геоінформаційне моделювання, land plowing, succession processes, agricultural land areas, agricultural land development, geoinformation modeling
Бібліографічний опис
Микитчин, О. І. Аналіз сільськогосподарського освоєння території Дрогобицького району засобами ГІС [Текст] / О. І. Микитчин, О. О. Величко // Наукові записки Сумського державного педагогічного університету ім. А. С. Макаренка. Географічні науки : науковий журнал / МОН України, Сумський держ. пед. ун-т ім. А. С. Макаренка ; Українське географічне товариство, Сумський відділ ; [редкол.: Б. М. Нешатаєв, С. І. Сюткін, М. О. Барановський та ін.]. – Суми : [СумДПУ ім. А. С. Макаренка], 2020. – Том 2, вип. 1. – С. 142–152. – DOI: doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3763002.