Іранський вектор у зовнішньополітичній стратегії США у період 1950-60-х рр.
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Дата
2022
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Анотація
Стаття присвячена особливостям формування зовнішньополітичної стратегії США на Близькому та Середньому Сході у 50-х – 60-х рр. ХХ століття.Ключовими аспектами дослідження автори вважають особливості співпраці Сполучених Штатів Америки з Іраном у період 1950-х – 1960-х рр. Політика США окресленого хронологічного періоду була спрямована на забезпечення стабільності й підтримці незалежності країн регіону. Агресивна програма реформації під назвою «Біла революція» початку 1960-х років була спробою вестернізації Ірану та зміцнення його глобального статусу, що також проводилось за активної підтримкиСША. Ще одним напрямком безпосередньої взаємодії Тегерану та Вашингтону автори визначають ядерні програми, курс на розробку яких в Ірані почався наприкінці 1950-х – початку 1960-х років. Іран співпрацював з низкою союзників Вашингтонської адміністрації та успішно розвивав свою ядерну програму з урахуванням існуючих міжнародних обмежень.
The article is devoted to the peculiarities of the formation of the US foreign policy strategy in the Near and Middle East in the 1950s and 1960s. The authors consider the key aspects of the study to be the peculiarities of the cooperation between the United States of America and Iran in the period of the 1950s and 1960s. The policy of the USA in the given period is defined as that which was aimed at maintaining stability and supporting the independence of the countries of the above-mentioned area. In addition, the American leadership predicted the possibility of an “Islamic problem”. The production of minerals in the region, as well as the need to prevent interference in the plans of the USA by the USSR, caused the United States to make efforts to maintain the role of the main suppliers of weapons, since it was impossible to allow a weakening of the influence on strategic interests, on the course of Iran’s domestic and foreign policy. Despite the transitional period of the 1960s, intensive cooperation between Washington and Tehran continued. The USA was provided with assistance in the economic sphere, there were changes in the provision of military support from subsidies to the possibility of selling on credit. The aggressive reform program called the “WhiteRevolution” of the early 1960s was an attempt to westernize Iran and strengthen its global status, which was also carriedбout with the active support of the United States.бThe authors identify nuclear programs as another directionof direct interaction between Tehran and Washington, the development course of which in Iran began in the late 1950s and early 1960s. Iran has cooperated with a number of allies ofthe Washington administration and has successfully developed its nuclear program within existing international restrictions. In 1963, Iran joined the Convention on the Prohibition of Nuclear Tests in Air, Space and Submarines, and in 1968 signed the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons. All this contributed to the country’s integration into global world processes.
The article is devoted to the peculiarities of the formation of the US foreign policy strategy in the Near and Middle East in the 1950s and 1960s. The authors consider the key aspects of the study to be the peculiarities of the cooperation between the United States of America and Iran in the period of the 1950s and 1960s. The policy of the USA in the given period is defined as that which was aimed at maintaining stability and supporting the independence of the countries of the above-mentioned area. In addition, the American leadership predicted the possibility of an “Islamic problem”. The production of minerals in the region, as well as the need to prevent interference in the plans of the USA by the USSR, caused the United States to make efforts to maintain the role of the main suppliers of weapons, since it was impossible to allow a weakening of the influence on strategic interests, on the course of Iran’s domestic and foreign policy. Despite the transitional period of the 1960s, intensive cooperation between Washington and Tehran continued. The USA was provided with assistance in the economic sphere, there were changes in the provision of military support from subsidies to the possibility of selling on credit. The aggressive reform program called the “WhiteRevolution” of the early 1960s was an attempt to westernize Iran and strengthen its global status, which was also carriedбout with the active support of the United States.бThe authors identify nuclear programs as another directionof direct interaction between Tehran and Washington, the development course of which in Iran began in the late 1950s and early 1960s. Iran has cooperated with a number of allies ofthe Washington administration and has successfully developed its nuclear program within existing international restrictions. In 1963, Iran joined the Convention on the Prohibition of Nuclear Tests in Air, Space and Submarines, and in 1968 signed the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons. All this contributed to the country’s integration into global world processes.
Опис
Ключові слова
США, Іран, ядерні програми, вестернізація, Близький та Середній Схід, USA, Iran, nuclear programs, Westernization, the Near and Middle East
Бібліографічний опис
Жуков О. Іранський вектор у зовнішньополітичній стратегії США у період 1950-60-х рр. [Текст] / О. Жуков, В. Ребенок // Консенсус : науковий журнал / Сумський державний педагогічний університет ім. А. С. Макаренка. – 2022. – № 3. – С. 61–71. – DOI: 10.31110/consensus/2022-03/061-071