Військово-прикладна підготовка в кадетських корпусах Російської Імперії в ХІХ– на початку ХХ століття
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Дата
2014
Автори
Назва журналу
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Назва тому
Видавець
СумДПУ імені А. С. Макаренка
Анотація
Стаття присвячена дослідженню питань, пов’язаних з організацією військово-прикладної підготовки в кадетських корпусах Російської Імперії на територіях українських губерній у ХІХ – на початку ХХ сторіччя. Показані основні етапи становлення й розвитку системи військового виховання кадетів, наведені ключові компоненти спеціальної військової підготовки та вимоги, які висувалися до її організації. Приведено приклади організації літніх табірних занять у різних кадетських корпусах українських губерній, доцільність їх розташування й різноманітність постановки навчально-виховного процесу в них.
This article investigates issues related to the organization of military-applied training in cadet corps of the Russian Empire in the territories of Ukrainian provinces in the nineteenth – early twentieth century. The basic stages of formation and development of military training cadets, the key components of special training, and requirements that were presented to it’s organization are revealed. The examples of summer camp sessions in various cadet corps in Ukrainian provinces are given, the appropriateness of their location and a variety of educational process in summer camps are described. The essence, forms and methods used in the system of military education are applied in future military cadet corps. It is established that all the complex of military profile was directed at professional training of future officers, defenders of the state. Cadets were raised in discipline, organization, thus preventing the development of negative personality traits. It is shown that an important role in military science of cadets took lessons held in camps where they learned the intricacies of military affairs, became acquainted with the latest types of weapons and learn to use them, studied the tactics of warfare, especially fortification cases, practiced shooting of firearms, extended their inner world during the touring of cities and various industrial plants. Location of the camps was also not accidental, most of them were in the fields of battle or near military units. Thus, the system of special military training – summer camps – was an integral part of the educational process in the cadet corps. Its conduct was prepared in advance. The administration of the corps found additional funds, provided material-technical facilities, involved specially trained teachers and officers, educators. From the reports of the teaching staff and memories of cadets can be seen that the summer practical training was of great importance in the training of future officers. During the summer practical training cadets received practical skills that could be used in their future service. So the whole military-applied education was focused at the formation of highly educated, cultural, professional, well-trained officer, a patriot and defender of the motherland. The quality of applied military training was at a high level, as evidenced by reports of the administration of cadet corps to the main Directorate of military educational institutions.
This article investigates issues related to the organization of military-applied training in cadet corps of the Russian Empire in the territories of Ukrainian provinces in the nineteenth – early twentieth century. The basic stages of formation and development of military training cadets, the key components of special training, and requirements that were presented to it’s organization are revealed. The examples of summer camp sessions in various cadet corps in Ukrainian provinces are given, the appropriateness of their location and a variety of educational process in summer camps are described. The essence, forms and methods used in the system of military education are applied in future military cadet corps. It is established that all the complex of military profile was directed at professional training of future officers, defenders of the state. Cadets were raised in discipline, organization, thus preventing the development of negative personality traits. It is shown that an important role in military science of cadets took lessons held in camps where they learned the intricacies of military affairs, became acquainted with the latest types of weapons and learn to use them, studied the tactics of warfare, especially fortification cases, practiced shooting of firearms, extended their inner world during the touring of cities and various industrial plants. Location of the camps was also not accidental, most of them were in the fields of battle or near military units. Thus, the system of special military training – summer camps – was an integral part of the educational process in the cadet corps. Its conduct was prepared in advance. The administration of the corps found additional funds, provided material-technical facilities, involved specially trained teachers and officers, educators. From the reports of the teaching staff and memories of cadets can be seen that the summer practical training was of great importance in the training of future officers. During the summer practical training cadets received practical skills that could be used in their future service. So the whole military-applied education was focused at the formation of highly educated, cultural, professional, well-trained officer, a patriot and defender of the motherland. The quality of applied military training was at a high level, as evidenced by reports of the administration of cadet corps to the main Directorate of military educational institutions.
Опис
Ключові слова
кадетські корпуси, кадети, військово-навчальні заклади, літні табори, військове виховання, військово-прикладна підготовка, cadet corps, cadets, military schools, summer camps, military training, applied military training
Бібліографічний опис
Кормілець, С. В. Військово-прикладна підготовка в кадетських корпусах Російської Імперії в ХІХ– на початку ХХ століття [Текст] / С. В. Кормілець // Педагогічні науки: теорія, історія, інноваційні технології : науковий журнал / МОН України, Сумський держ. пед. ун-т ім. А. С. Макаренка ; [редкол.: А. А. Сбруєва, О. Є. Антонова, Дж. Бішоп та ін.]. – Суми : СумДПУ ім. А. С. Макаренка, 2014. – № 10 (44). – С. 123–132.