Перегляд за Автор "Martynov Andrey"

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  • Документ
    Ecological Modernization of the European Union Economy in Condition of Political and Financial Limits
    (2023) Horobets Ihor Volodymyrovych; Горобець Ігор Володимирович; Martynov Andrey; Мартинов Андрій
    Тhe history of mankind from a material point of view is a change in technological systems, which determined the forms of organization of economic life. History has recorded many phase crises associated with the transition from one technological mode to another. The key objectives of the EU environmental policy are: combating climate change, ensuring biodiversity, limiting the negative impact of production on human health and quality of life, rational use of natural resources, waste recycling. Environmental policy is a joint competence of the Member States and the EU bodies. The goals of the EU’s common agricultural policy are: increasing agricultural productivity, ensuring social protection of farmers, stabilizing agricultural markets, food security, maintaining reasonable consumer prices for agricultural goods, and providing export subsidies. EU countries’ strategies for the energy sector are different. France remains a supporter of nuclear energy. Germany is closing down nuclear power plants, necessitating an increase in energy production from thermal power plants and alternative energy sources. Achieving new environmental standards in industry raises questions of socio-political stability, as there is a risk of job losses in the old industrial sectors and the slow creation of new jobs. Such disparities can negatively affect the political support of "green" environmental political parties, especially in the countries of "old" Europe. The political positions of the "greens" in the countries of the "new" Europe are less influential. This fact complicates the formation of a joint environmental group of influence in the EU in order to exert political pressure to implement environmental modernization of the economy. That is, the success of the ecological modernization of the EU economy systematically depends on the internal capacity of elites and European societies to implement this course and on the favorable balance of power in a globalized world.
  • Документ
    European Skepticism and Populism under the Conditions of Transformation of the European Integration Process
    (2023) Horobets Ihor Volodymyrovych; Горобець Ігор Володимирович; Martynov Andrey; Мартинов Андрій
    The article examines the influence of the ideology and political practice of right-wing populism on European skepticism. The objective reasons for the development of European skepticism and right-wing populism are due to contradictions between national and supranational authorities. The beginning of the 21st century was marked by an acute global economic crisis, which stimulated the activation of various populist movements that take advantage of the favorable conditions of the ambivalence of many traditional political ideologies, the blurring of the demarcation lines between the «center-right» and «center-left», and the decline of classic mass political parties. A polarized political culture is quickly turning into a breeding ground for populists. The driving force of left populism was the «old left»: socialists, anarchists, Trotskyists, who entered into an alliance with protectionist trade unions. The second ideological stream consists of those who protest against the rapid disappearance of the old world and the strengthening of global competition. Anti-American sentiments are popular among left and right populism in Europe. The process of European integration in its crisis points of development gives rise to various inversion tendencies, which are aimed at opposing the formation of a more cohesive European Union as an effective model of post-national democracy. The prospects of populist left and right parties in the EU member states depend on their ability to effectively balance different social interests, offering «simple» solutions to complex systemic problems. The price of election campaigns (Internet advertising) has increased. Big sponsors allocate money to politicians to achieve their specific goals and therefore look for exactly such candidates who will push such goals. The struggle for political earnings drains time, resources and enthusiasm. As a result, citizens as a whole are polarized and become politically uncompromising. In this way, populists simply fulfill the wishes of their voters. Populism is also facilitated by the new information environment. Social media offers post truth and a variety of highly specialized topics and points of view. People get locked into their info menu. Virtual reality is killing real democracy. Social capital as a network of public institutions, the norms of reciprocity and trust that arise from them, is declining.