Експресивна номінація у сучасному топоніміконі
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Дата
2017
Назва журналу
Номер ISSN
Назва тому
Видавець
Донецький національний університет імені Василя Стуса
Анотація
У статті розглянуто засоби експресивної номінації в сучасному українському словотворі. Проаналізовано головні словотвірні моделі утворення сленгових ойконімів, з’ясовано мотивацію сленгового найменування. Дослідження виявляє різні відтінки значення, яких набувають утворені сленгові назви (пейоративне, іронічне, меліоративне тощо).
Background: The actuality of the problem of expressive nomination in contemporary toponymicon is conditioned by flourishing of postmodernity, which caused a boom of unusual slang proper names created due to the use of language game – an inalienable component of postmodern epoch. The interest of respondents towards the mentioned problem confirmed its actuality. Purpose: The purpose of the article is to try to find out general models of oeconyms formation, in particular to investigate the main word-formation models, to determine the nomination of slang nomination, to trace shades of meaning of slang astionyms and comonyms. Results: Slang oeconyms can be formed in several ways. Derivational way is represented by final clipping (apocope); final clipping combined with suffixation; abbreviation. Specific kinds of acronyms are used. Toponyms are phonetically and / or morphologically transformed in order to make them sound similarly to the appellatives carrying the necessary characteristics. Another way is the use of connotonyms which are neither phonetically nor morphologically connected with the standardized. In this case a nominator singles out a certain characteristic of the place and uses a real connotonymic oeconym expressing this characteristic. The motivation of numerous slang names is connected with the peculiarities of ethnic composition of population, its occupation, character, famous representatives, geographical location, and characteristic details of environment. In certain cases, a slang oeconym appears due to synonymy or translation of meaningful parts of a standardized name. Slang oeconyms with pejorative and neutral connotations are much more widespread than the ones with meliorative connotations. An inalienable part of slang toponyms is irony which is grounded on the comparison of small towns and villages with world metropolises. Discussion: The given research explores a new layer of problems of contemporary onomastic science. Taking into account that the functioning of substandard lexis is one of the criteria of language development, we believe that the further researches in this direction are prospective.
Background: The actuality of the problem of expressive nomination in contemporary toponymicon is conditioned by flourishing of postmodernity, which caused a boom of unusual slang proper names created due to the use of language game – an inalienable component of postmodern epoch. The interest of respondents towards the mentioned problem confirmed its actuality. Purpose: The purpose of the article is to try to find out general models of oeconyms formation, in particular to investigate the main word-formation models, to determine the nomination of slang nomination, to trace shades of meaning of slang astionyms and comonyms. Results: Slang oeconyms can be formed in several ways. Derivational way is represented by final clipping (apocope); final clipping combined with suffixation; abbreviation. Specific kinds of acronyms are used. Toponyms are phonetically and / or morphologically transformed in order to make them sound similarly to the appellatives carrying the necessary characteristics. Another way is the use of connotonyms which are neither phonetically nor morphologically connected with the standardized. In this case a nominator singles out a certain characteristic of the place and uses a real connotonymic oeconym expressing this characteristic. The motivation of numerous slang names is connected with the peculiarities of ethnic composition of population, its occupation, character, famous representatives, geographical location, and characteristic details of environment. In certain cases, a slang oeconym appears due to synonymy or translation of meaningful parts of a standardized name. Slang oeconyms with pejorative and neutral connotations are much more widespread than the ones with meliorative connotations. An inalienable part of slang toponyms is irony which is grounded on the comparison of small towns and villages with world metropolises. Discussion: The given research explores a new layer of problems of contemporary onomastic science. Taking into account that the functioning of substandard lexis is one of the criteria of language development, we believe that the further researches in this direction are prospective.
Опис
Ключові слова
сленговий ойконім, топонім, сленгонім, комонім, астіонім, конотонім, словотвір, мотивація найменування, субстандартна онімія, slang oeconym, toponym, slangonym, astionym, comonym, connotonym, derivation, name motivation, substandard onymy
Бібліографічний опис
Гаврилюк, І. Експресивна номінація в сучасному топоніміконі [Текст] / І. Гаврилюк // Лiнгвiстичнi студiї : зб. наук. праць / Донецький національний університет імені Василя Стуса ; [гол. ред. А. П. Загнітко]. – Вінниця : ДонНУ ім. Василя Стуса, 2017. – Вип. 34. – С. 161–165.