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Документ Animal’s Pawprints on the Bricks of Medzhybizh Castle(2024) Stupak Alina; Ступак Аліна; Vietrov Viktor; Вєтров Віктор; Baranovskyi Anton; Барановський АнтонOccasional marks on bricks or other architectonic composites, with their potential to unveil environmental conditions at the time of their formation, attract scientific attention. The object of our research is the pawprints on bricks, a discovery made during the archaeological excavations of the historically significant Medzhybizh Castle (also known as Medzhybizh Fortress), located in the village of Medzhybizh, Khmelnytskyi region, Ukraine. Brick, a popular building material, was continually used to construct palaces and residential and household objects of the Castle’s architectural ensemble. The studied collection of bricks, dating to the 15th-19th centuries, is the second most widespread material, after stone blocks, for constructing various elements of the Castle complex.This study aims to identify the animal species responsible for the pawprints found and showcase the valuable informational potential of animal pawprints on bricks as an archaeological resource. The findings of the study reveal that the imprints can be attributed to canines, felines, swine, even-toed ungulates, and domestic fowl (chickens). Animal tracks present on the brick blanks indirectly reflect the environmental elements. In the context of the brick materials utilizedin the construction of Medzhybizh Castle, the animal imprints indicate the presence of animals associated with the proprietors of the brickyard or those from neighbouring households and farms. Animals could have unintentionally traversed the brick blanks while roaming freely, possibly attracted by the mineral components of the brick mortar. The dimensions of a dog’s pawprints enable an estimation of the size of certain individual dogs and their count. The small size of the hoofed mammal`s tracks suggests they belonged to young individuals, indicating the spring-summer season during which the brick blanks were created. The positioning of the tracks on the brick provides insights into the speed patterns of the animals’ movements on the blanks.Therefore,the results of the pawprint study on bricks and other ancient ceramic products not only contribute to our understanding of the past but also have practical applications in the scientific and museological spheres, making this research highly relevant and its applications tangible.Документ Exploration and Monitoring of Early Paleolithic Sites in the Luhansk Region (2014–2021)(2024) Vietrov Viktor; Вєтров ВікторAfter 2014, the conditions for early Palaeolithic field research in Ukraine changed because of the Russian aggression. Firstly, these changes became noticeable in the studies of Crimea and the eastern regions. Such changes are associated with the danger of conducting fieldwork and the impossibility of planning expeditions and field practices. In 2014, we still conducted exploration and dug a test pit in the east of the Luhansk region. However, since 2015, in connection with the occupation of Luhansk, the work of the Eastern Division of the Lower Palaeolithic Expedition of the Institute of Archaeology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine was forced to stop. The article aims to investigate there were no attempts to conduct archaeological reconnaissance in the east of the country in the Luhansk region. Our colleagues and patriots who found themselves in the occupied territory also carried out search operations and monitoring of Palaeolithic monuments damaged by the war whenever possible. The scientific novelty of this research lies in its first-ever analysis and systematization of information about works 2014-2021 were carried out at known and newly discovered locations: Vyshnevyi Dil, Shturmanske, Lysychansk-Zhelatyn, and Osynove in the Luhansk region. Conclusions. Part of the found artefacts were transported to the non-occupied territory of Ukraine and handed over to the Museum Fund of Ukraine. A crucial aspect of the study of the Early Palaeolithic was the processing and systematic transfer of the explored material of the Early Palaeolithic to the museum funds. In this direction, the museum fund of the State Historical and Cultural Reserve “Mezhybizh” became a hub containing scientific materials of the Early Palaeolithic from the east of Ukraine.