Перегляд за Автор "Stupak Alina"

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  • Документ
    Animal’s Pawprints on the Bricks of Medzhybizh Castle
    (2024) Stupak Alina; Ступак Аліна; Vietrov Viktor; Вєтров Віктор; Baranovskyi Anton; Барановський Антон
    Occasional marks on bricks or other architectonic composites, with their potential to unveil environmental conditions at the time of their formation, attract scientific attention. The object of our research is the pawprints on bricks, a discovery made during the archaeological excavations of the historically significant Medzhybizh Castle (also known as Medzhybizh Fortress), located in the village of Medzhybizh, Khmelnytskyi region, Ukraine. Brick, a popular building material, was continually used to construct palaces and residential and household objects of the Castle’s architectural ensemble. The studied collection of bricks, dating to the 15th-19th centuries, is the second most widespread material, after stone blocks, for constructing various elements of the Castle complex.This study aims to identify the animal species responsible for the pawprints found and showcase the valuable informational potential of animal pawprints on bricks as an archaeological resource. The findings of the study reveal that the imprints can be attributed to canines, felines, swine, even-toed ungulates, and domestic fowl (chickens). Animal tracks present on the brick blanks indirectly reflect the environmental elements. In the context of the brick materials utilizedin the construction of Medzhybizh Castle, the animal imprints indicate the presence of animals associated with the proprietors of the brickyard or those from neighbouring households and farms. Animals could have unintentionally traversed the brick blanks while roaming freely, possibly attracted by the mineral components of the brick mortar. The dimensions of a dog’s pawprints enable an estimation of the size of certain individual dogs and their count. The small size of the hoofed mammal`s tracks suggests they belonged to young individuals, indicating the spring-summer season during which the brick blanks were created. The positioning of the tracks on the brick provides insights into the speed patterns of the animals’ movements on the blanks.Therefore,the results of the pawprint study on bricks and other ancient ceramic products not only contribute to our understanding of the past but also have practical applications in the scientific and museological spheres, making this research highly relevant and its applications tangible.
  • Документ
    Ornamented Tools from Organic Materials of the Mesolithic–Neolithic Times from the Desna Basin Region
    (2023) Stupak Dmytro; Ступак Дмитро; Stupak Alina; Ступак Аліна
    The most earliest cases of using the long bones of ungulates as tools are known from the Middle Paleolithic. In the Upper Paleolithic time, the manufacture of tools from the long bones of ungulates, as well as the ornamentation of some of them, is often represented in the sites of Europe. The territory of the Desna basin, during the time of the Final Paleolithic – Neolithic, was involved in the same cultural and historical processes that took place in the northern part of Europe. But, for today, unlike many northern regions of Europe, in the territory of the Desna basin,items made of bone or horn are known only from Neolithic points. Ornamented tools are represented only by single samples.The purpose of this work is to соnsider ornamented tools made of organic materials found in the Desna basin and to publish a previously unknown sample of such tools found on the outskirts of Chernihiv, on Telyachiy island.The find from Telyachiy island is a fragment of a tool made from a long bone of a deer (Cervidae gen. etsp.). The the lack of a radiocarbon date makes it impossible to clarify its accurate dating. Based on the spread of columns of parallel strokes of ornament in the Mesolithic period and its continued existence in the Neolithic period, as well as the presence of finds of fragments of Neolithic ceramics on Telyachyi island, the found fragment of the tool, today, should be dated to the Mesolithic – Neolithic period.Thus, for the Early Holocene periods of the territory of the Desna basin, items made of organic materials are represented only by the Neolithic period. Among them, ornamented tools are rare specimens. Only for a fragment of a tool made of a long bone of a deer found on Telyachyi island, it can be assumed that it dates back to the Mesolithic. Given the meager amount of ornamented items made from organic materials from the territory of the Desna basin, this find is certainly an important source for understanding the ornamental traditions of decorating tools and the aesthetic preferences of the ancient population of the Desna basin.