Розвиток виконавсько-ансамблевої дієздатності студентів факультетів музично-педагогічного спрямування

Abstract

У статті актуалізовано проблему розвитку виконавсько-ансамблевої дієздатності як одного з напрямів у роботі з формування концертмейстерських інтерпретаційних умінь студентів факультетів музично-педагогічного спрямування. Висвітлено шляхи розвитку досліджуваного феномену, який актуалізується вміннями забезпечувати виконавський ансамбль зі співом школярів, читати з аркуша та транспонувати, добирати акомпанемент до мелодії шкільної пісні. Запропоновано використання широкого кола мистецьких методів навчання. Доведено ефективність застосування запропонованого методичного інструментарію.

The article deals with the problem of the performing and ensemble abilities development as one of the directions in the concertmasters’ interpretive skills formation of the musical-pedagogical faculties students. Performing and ensemble abilities we interpret as the ability of future music teachers in ensemble-skilled pedagogically directed performing embodiments own performance concepts vocal-instrumental sample. This phenomenon is actualized through performing ensemble singing by schoolchildren, their ability to read from the sheet and transpose to pick up the accompaniment to the school song. The following art methods of training and exercises were used in individual sessions during teaching practice in institutions of General education: the accompaniment of the class, the main musical instrument, reading, choral scores, practicum school song repertoire. Those methods were applied for solution formation of the identified skills problems. The exercises and methods for distributed attention formation were aimed at students’ ability formation to ensure the performing ensemble with co-students. The method of systematic development of the auditory component of the distributed attention were the most productive. The method was implemented in stages, provided performance of students in a series of special tasks, by their gradual complication. In the context of the tasks use of modified exercises on the development of empathy was relevant. Among them activation of the identification exercise («feel like a genius», «Relive it again») and activation of synesthesia exercise («Key», «Nature sounds») were the most important. Different methods for mastering the ability to read musical sheets were used, among them: a preliminary review of the analysis of the musical text, reading from the sheet to oneself, performing playback. For practical mastering the ability to transpose such tasks were offered: to play in different keys chord sequence from 4–5 chord, which convey the basic functions of tonality; to play in different keys fragments solos; select from a song (romance) varied adansonia build and play them in different keys. For mastering the ability to select the accompaniment to the school song, the students mastered the method textured-genre fusion. The focus on one of the sides of this intensive process was the selection of textured formula accompaniment that corresponds to the most image-genre features song sample. Therefore, using this methodical approach will facilitate the development of the performing ensemble capacity of the musical-pedagogical faculties students.