Аналіз особливостей життєдіяльності й побуту дітей в умовах інтернатної установи
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Дата
2014
Автори
Назва журналу
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Назва тому
Видавець
СумДПУ імені А. С. Макаренка
Анотація
У статті доведено, що в процесі формування життєвої компетентності у вихованців інтернатних установ необхідно враховувати специфіку їх розвитку, стан здоров’я, причини потрапляння дитини в інтернатну установу, особливості її доінтернатного життя, а також особливості життя в інтернатній установі. Визначено умови попередження розвитку депривації вихованців інтернатних закладів. Встановлено основні недоліки виховної роботи з учнями загальноосвітніх шкіл-інтернатів.
In the article it is stated that the boarding school pupils are remarkably different from the children who attend secondary school. Economic, social and psychological problems faced by a child influence the formation of his/her life guidelines, distort social attitudes, make it difficult to adapt to life in society, because he has no independent living skills, the abilities of domestic self-stereotypes, positive family relationships. As a result, a young man, who was taken care of in the boarding school, appears unprepared for independent life of becoming of the age of discretion. The process of socialization of the child, who was in a boarding institution, is fundamentally different from that the most home kids have. The so-called “closed” life ensures that the environment outside the boarding school may not be apparent and foreign to the pupils of the boarding school, or they may have inadequate representation about it, and leads to the fact that they do not form the survival skills, adapt to new living conditions, the skills of integration in new social groups, practice of interaction and behaviour in different situations in early adult life are absent. In boarding schools there are also problems as to the realisation of educational content, improvement of the forms and methods of training and education, methodological support of the educational process. Many pupils of boarding schools as a result of the definite deformation of the development are socially and psychologically maladjusted, with deviations in behaviour, increased aggression and so on. It is necessary to improve the system of educational work, aimed at the formation of children’s vital skills for independent living. In addition, at most boarding schools there are observed the negative trends to excessive care of children, which leads to ignorance of their duties, as opposed to the rights, the removal from feasible and necessary household labour. To form vital competence of graduates of boarding schools, to prepare for a smooth entry into the community, into adulthood is the main task of boarding schools.
In the article it is stated that the boarding school pupils are remarkably different from the children who attend secondary school. Economic, social and psychological problems faced by a child influence the formation of his/her life guidelines, distort social attitudes, make it difficult to adapt to life in society, because he has no independent living skills, the abilities of domestic self-stereotypes, positive family relationships. As a result, a young man, who was taken care of in the boarding school, appears unprepared for independent life of becoming of the age of discretion. The process of socialization of the child, who was in a boarding institution, is fundamentally different from that the most home kids have. The so-called “closed” life ensures that the environment outside the boarding school may not be apparent and foreign to the pupils of the boarding school, or they may have inadequate representation about it, and leads to the fact that they do not form the survival skills, adapt to new living conditions, the skills of integration in new social groups, practice of interaction and behaviour in different situations in early adult life are absent. In boarding schools there are also problems as to the realisation of educational content, improvement of the forms and methods of training and education, methodological support of the educational process. Many pupils of boarding schools as a result of the definite deformation of the development are socially and psychologically maladjusted, with deviations in behaviour, increased aggression and so on. It is necessary to improve the system of educational work, aimed at the formation of children’s vital skills for independent living. In addition, at most boarding schools there are observed the negative trends to excessive care of children, which leads to ignorance of their duties, as opposed to the rights, the removal from feasible and necessary household labour. To form vital competence of graduates of boarding schools, to prepare for a smooth entry into the community, into adulthood is the main task of boarding schools.
Опис
Ключові слова
особистість, життєва компетентність, соціальна компетентність, школа-інтернат, ціннісні орієнтири, педагогічна діяльність, personality, life competence, social competence, boarding school, values, pedagogical activity
Бібліографічний опис
Кузьміна, О. В. Аналіз особливостей життєдіяльності й побуту дітей в умовах інтернатної установи [Текст] / О. В. Кузьміна // Педагогічні науки: теорія, історія, інноваційні технології : науковий журнал / МОН України, Сумський держ. пед. ун-т ім. А. С. Макаренка ; [редкол.: А. А. Сбруєва, О. Є. Антонова, Дж. Бішоп та ін.]. – Суми : СумДПУ ім. А. С. Макаренка, 2014. – № 9 (43). – С. 264–273.