Моос-платформи як інструмент інформальної освіти дорослих

Abstract

З появою глобального інноваційного освітнього середовища інформальна освіта отримала новий імпульс до розвитку, пов'язаний із швидким створенням і поширенням масових відкритих освітніх онлайн-курсів (Massive open online course - МООС). Світовий ринок пропоную п'ять основних провайдерів МООС: Coursera, edX, Udacity, Khan Academy, Codecademy. Огляд пропонованих програм, змістової наповненості, доступності та варіативності МООС-платформ підтверджую їх ефективність в особистісному та професійному розвитку дорослого. У разі, якщо університети зможуть забезпечити валідизація результатів інформальної освіти дорослих за допомогоя МООС-платформ, стане можливим отримання вищої освіти онлайн як на рівні бакалаврату, так і магістратури.

With the advent of a global innovative educational environment, informal education has gained a new impetus for the development of the rapid creation and dissemination of massive open online courses (MOOCs). The proposed article provides an overview of the main MOOCs, training programs and conditions, content coverage of courses and accessibility for students. The results of the study found out that the MOOC allows you to study the teaching staff of leading world universities and get a certificate that confirms successful completion of the entire course. The world's educational services market offers five major MOOCs: Coursera, edX, Udacity, Khan Academy, Codecademy. In the European Union, learning through MOOC platforms is a leading form of learning, skills and knowledge in the adult education system. The MOOC has gained significant popularity over the past 5 years (2014 is the year the online courses are launched). Over 2018, more than 900 universities around the world launched a total of 11,4 thousand online courses with 101 million students. Providers of the MOOC offer about 630 specializations of 10 different types. The vast majority of them belong to Coursera and edX. As for the distribution of courses on subjects, then 40 % of them are business and technology. The main advantages of training through MOOC-platforms include a wide range of courses, flexibility, availability, mainly - free of charge. We consider the disadvantages a low percentage of students who complete a full-time study (about 10 %), lack of a single mechanism for recognizing the results of informal learning by means of MOOCs-platforms in most European Union countries. Reserves of the global innovative educational environment of the MOOC-platforms create opportunities for universities to review the range of educational services offered. So, in 2018, Coursera, edX, FutureLearn and XuetangX launched a new online degree program, which can be followed by a master's or bachelor's degree. In the event that universities can ensure the validation of the results of adult informal education with the help of the MOOC-platforms, it will become possible to receive higher education online in both the baccalaureate and magistracy level.