Педагогічні нотатки про вундеркіндів

Abstract

У статті проаналізовано сучасні наукові підходи до дослідження дітей- вундеркіндів як окремої категорії обдарованих дітей. Пов'язані з вундеркіндами педагогічні проблеми розглянуто в теоретичному і практичному аспектах. Особлива увага приділена внутрішнім (особистісним) і зовнішнім (сім'я, школа) чинникам, що визначають раннє проявлення й розвиток надзвичайно обдарованої дитини.

The author of the article analyzes contemporary scientific approaches to the study of children prodigies as a separate category of gifted children. The pedagogical problems associated with prodigies are considered in the theoretical and practical aspects. Particular attention is paid to the internal (personal) and external (family, school) factors determining early manifestation and development of an immensely gifted child. The aim of the article is to reveal modern scientific understanding of the phenomenon of "prodigy", as well as pedagogical understanding of the problem. For realizing the research purpose the following scientific approaches were used: historical, comparative, evolutionary, factological, biographical. The reasons of the ambiguous attitude towards the prodigy children at different epochs and in different cultures were reviewed. Conditions and consequences, in particular pedagogical, of the other people's prejudiced attitude towards such children were considered. It is shown how the extraordinary ability of "prodigies" affects their social contacts, school performance, relations with peers, and what difficulties they face in realizing their talents. The types of positioning the prodigy child in the family and probable scenarios of turning the prodigy's stage into maturity were described.