Історичні аспекти розвитку духової освіти

Abstract

У статті йдеться про становлення й розвиток духової освіти та методики гри на музичних інструментах. Особлива увага звернена на виникнення в Європі перших музичних навчальних закладів, методик навчання, науково-методичних праць відомих виконавців і вчителів гри на духових інструментах.

The article deals with formation and development of wind education and methods of playing musical instruments. Particular attention is drawn to the emergence in Europe of the first musical education institutions, teaching methods, scientific and methodological works of famous performers and teachers of the wind instruments play. In particular, it is noted that the creative and pedagogical activity of the teachers Blazhevich V., Dikov B., Orvid H., Platonov N., Rozanov S., Usov Y., Fedotov A., Tsybin V. and others, who formed the so-called “psychophysiological school of playing the wind instruments”, the main requirement of which was a conscious attitude toward the performing process. Wind instruments play is viewed as a complex psychophysiological process controlled by the higher nervous activity of man. The main principles underlying the modern wind-instrument education should be considered: education not of a narrow professional artisan, but a comprehensively literate musician, an artistic person; a conscious assimilation of the content of musical training; use of scientific achievements in the field of physiology, pedagogy, psychology; the use of highly artistic samples of musical art in repertory material.