Риторичні засади української культури козацької доби
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2014
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Анотація
У статті здійснено аналіз деяких елементів козацької культури щодо їх риторичного змісту. Автором досліджено специфічні риси козацького красномовства та умови їх виникнення й розвитку. Зокрема, розглянуто риторичні засади козацьких літописів. Проаналізовано риторичні фігури, використані в українському фольклорі, а саме в думах, піснях, прислів’ях. Розглянута роль Києво-Могилянської академії в риторичній підготовці козацької старшини. Представлено фрагменти промов українських гетьманів, які є зразками козацького красномовства. Автором доводиться думка про необхідність ґрунтовного вивчення та широкого використання козацької риторичної спадщини в сучасному навчально-виховному процесі.
In the article the analysis of the rhetorical content of some elements of Cossack culture is made. The author investigates the specific features of the Cossack eloquence, conditions of their appearance and development. In particular, it is argued that rhetorical skills were necessary for representatives of the Cossack officers, namely: convincingly defend their opinion before a large audience, speech technology, emotionality, witty, improvisation, polemical skills, ability to be concise, informative, original. The ability to tell an artistic story, sense of humor, which was manifested in the original understanding of the phenomena of reality, human features and transfer them in a humorous tone, were valued among the Cossacks. Candidate hetmans necessarily had to give a speech about how he understood his appointment, how he was going to organize an army to fight for the freedom of Ukraine and what meant for him to be faithful to society, etc. Military appeals, with which hetmans addressed not only to the Cossacks, but also to all the population of Ukraine, were eloquent. Rhetorical basis of Cossack Chronicles, namely the content, structure, rhetorical devices, compliance with the ancient traditions of eloquence were reviewed in details. The role of the Kyiv-Mohyla Academy in rhetorical preparation of the Cossack was reviewed. It is argued that shots of the Ukrainian administration, the judiciary, the clergy, that were the Ukrainian intelligentsia, were brought up at this institution. The knowledge, which was gained at the Kyiv Mohyla Academy, including rhetoric, helped them in the future career. Fragments of the Ukrainian hetmans’ speeches, which are the samples of national political rhetoric, are presented. Rhetorical figures, which are used in Ukrainian folklore: in ballads, songs, proverbs, are analyzed. Cossack songs are rich in ideological content, emotional stress, high artistic quality. The use of such rhetorical figures as a metaphor, hyperbole, a rhetorical question and rhetorical comparison, is characterized for their poetic style. Thus, the author proves the idea about the necessity of thorough study and use of Cossack rhetorical heritage in the modern educational process.
In the article the analysis of the rhetorical content of some elements of Cossack culture is made. The author investigates the specific features of the Cossack eloquence, conditions of their appearance and development. In particular, it is argued that rhetorical skills were necessary for representatives of the Cossack officers, namely: convincingly defend their opinion before a large audience, speech technology, emotionality, witty, improvisation, polemical skills, ability to be concise, informative, original. The ability to tell an artistic story, sense of humor, which was manifested in the original understanding of the phenomena of reality, human features and transfer them in a humorous tone, were valued among the Cossacks. Candidate hetmans necessarily had to give a speech about how he understood his appointment, how he was going to organize an army to fight for the freedom of Ukraine and what meant for him to be faithful to society, etc. Military appeals, with which hetmans addressed not only to the Cossacks, but also to all the population of Ukraine, were eloquent. Rhetorical basis of Cossack Chronicles, namely the content, structure, rhetorical devices, compliance with the ancient traditions of eloquence were reviewed in details. The role of the Kyiv-Mohyla Academy in rhetorical preparation of the Cossack was reviewed. It is argued that shots of the Ukrainian administration, the judiciary, the clergy, that were the Ukrainian intelligentsia, were brought up at this institution. The knowledge, which was gained at the Kyiv Mohyla Academy, including rhetoric, helped them in the future career. Fragments of the Ukrainian hetmans’ speeches, which are the samples of national political rhetoric, are presented. Rhetorical figures, which are used in Ukrainian folklore: in ballads, songs, proverbs, are analyzed. Cossack songs are rich in ideological content, emotional stress, high artistic quality. The use of such rhetorical figures as a metaphor, hyperbole, a rhetorical question and rhetorical comparison, is characterized for their poetic style. Thus, the author proves the idea about the necessity of thorough study and use of Cossack rhetorical heritage in the modern educational process.
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Ключові слова
козацьке красномовство, риторичні фігури, літописи, промови, фольклор, античні традиції красномовства, сossack rhetoric, rhetorical figures, chronicles, language, folklore, ancient tradition of eloquence
Бібліографічний опис
Будянський, Д. В. Риторичні засади української культури козацької доби [Текст] / Д. В. Будянський // Педагогічні науки: теорія, історія, інноваційні технології: науковий журнал / Міністерство освіти і науки України, Сумський державний університет імені А. С. Макаренка ; редкол.: А. А. Сбруєва, О. Є. Антонова, Дж. Бішоп та ін. – Суми : СумДПУ імені А. С. Макаренка, 2014. – № 5 (39). – С. 44–53.