Балканські інтеграційні проєкти: історія і сучасність
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2022
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Анотація
Стаття присвячена аналізу історії формування інтеграційних проєктів на Балканах та сучасному стану європейської інтеграції держав регіону. Висвітлено три етапи розвитку регіональних балканських інтеграційних проєктів. Перші два з них були пов’язані з внутрішньою інтеграцією у форматі Королівства сербів, хорватів, словенців та Югославії. Третій етап обумовлений різними швидкостями інтеграції балканських країн до Європейського Союзу та НАТО.
Тhe aim of the article is to highlight the attempts of Balkan regional integration in the twentieth century and early XXI century. The Balkan region occupies a special place in European history. Various civilization influences intersect in the Balkans, and trade routes from Europe to the Middle East have traditionally passed. The uneven historical development of the Balkan peoples has led to the severity of the formation of nation-states and the dominance of conflicting internal regional and external interests in the Balkans. The conflict potential of Balkan history was due to the clash of ideas of “great” state formations in the form of “Greater Serbia”, “Greater Albania”, “Greater Serbia”, “Greater Macedonia”. An attempt to resolve these contradictions on an international basis was an attempt to implement the Yugoslav project. This project had two different implementation attempts. After the First World War, Yugoslavism was embodied in the format of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes. After the Second World War, a more successful attempt at international integration was made in the form of Yugoslav federalism. However, exogenous processes have overturned the achievements of endogenous regional integration. The implementation of the European integration project of the Balkan countries depends on the readiness of the European Union to accept them and on the readiness of the Balkan countries to become part of the European Union. The European integration of the Balkan countries raises the question of the borders of the European Union. Turkey remains on the verge of civilization influences. Turkey’s accession to the European Union is of strategic global importance. The qualitative characteristics of the European Union depend on the solution of this issue. The EU does not synchronize the accession process of the Balkan countrieswith the negotiation process with Turkey. It is impossible to do that, because Turkey is more than all the six Balkan countries that emerged after the breakup of Yugoslavia.
Тhe aim of the article is to highlight the attempts of Balkan regional integration in the twentieth century and early XXI century. The Balkan region occupies a special place in European history. Various civilization influences intersect in the Balkans, and trade routes from Europe to the Middle East have traditionally passed. The uneven historical development of the Balkan peoples has led to the severity of the formation of nation-states and the dominance of conflicting internal regional and external interests in the Balkans. The conflict potential of Balkan history was due to the clash of ideas of “great” state formations in the form of “Greater Serbia”, “Greater Albania”, “Greater Serbia”, “Greater Macedonia”. An attempt to resolve these contradictions on an international basis was an attempt to implement the Yugoslav project. This project had two different implementation attempts. After the First World War, Yugoslavism was embodied in the format of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes. After the Second World War, a more successful attempt at international integration was made in the form of Yugoslav federalism. However, exogenous processes have overturned the achievements of endogenous regional integration. The implementation of the European integration project of the Balkan countries depends on the readiness of the European Union to accept them and on the readiness of the Balkan countries to become part of the European Union. The European integration of the Balkan countries raises the question of the borders of the European Union. Turkey remains on the verge of civilization influences. Turkey’s accession to the European Union is of strategic global importance. The qualitative characteristics of the European Union depend on the solution of this issue. The EU does not synchronize the accession process of the Balkan countrieswith the negotiation process with Turkey. It is impossible to do that, because Turkey is more than all the six Balkan countries that emerged after the breakup of Yugoslavia.
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Ключові слова
Балкани, інтеграційні проекти, європейська інтеграція, Європейський Союз, Північноатлантичний альянс, Югославія, Balkans, integration projects, European integration, European Union, North Atlantic Alliance, Yugoslavia
Бібліографічний опис
Горобець І. В. Балканські інтеграційні проєкти: історія і сучасність [Текст] / І. В горобець, А. Мартинов // Консенсус : науковий журнал / Сумський державний педагогічний університет ім. А. С. Макаренка. – 2022. – № 2. – С. 77–90. – DOI: 10.31110/consensus/2022-02/077-090